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Overview

Uniprot ID	O00233
Protein Name	26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 9
Gene Name	PSMD9
Organism	Homo sapiens

Kla Sites from experimental identification

Position	Flanking peptide
123	HKEAMSRKLGQSESQ

Function

Acts as a chaperone during the assembly of the 26S proteasome, specifically of the base subcomplex of the PA700/19S regulatory complex (RC). During the base subcomplex assembly is part of an intermediate PSMD9:PSMC6:PSMC3 module, also known as modulator trimer complex; PSMD9 is released during the further base assembly process

Protein Sequence

10 MSDEEARQSG 20 GSSQAGVVTV 30 SDVQELMRRK 40 EEIEAQIKAN 50 YDVLESQKGI 60 GMNEPLVDCE 70 GYPRSDVDLY 80 QVRTARHNII 90 CLQNDHKAVM 100 KQVEEALHQL 110 HARDKEKQAR 120 DMAEAHKEAM 130 SRKLGQSESQ 140 GPPRAFAKVN 150 SISPGSPASI 160 AGLQVDDEIV 170 EFGSVNTQNF 180 QSLHNIGSVV 190 QHSEGKPLNV 200 TVIRRGEKHQ 210 LRLVPTRWAG 220 KGLLGCNIIP LQR

Gene Ontology

Classification	GO ID	Description
Cellular Component	GO:0005737	cytoplasm
Cellular Component	GO:0005829	cytosol
Cellular Component	GO:0005634	nucleus
Cellular Component	GO:0005838	proteasome regulatory particle
Molecular Function	GO:0043425	bHLH transcription factor binding
Molecular Function	GO:0003713	transcription coactivator activity
Biological Process	GO:0046676	negative regulation of insulin secretion
Biological Process	GO:0045893	positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription
Biological Process	GO:0032024	positive regulation of insulin secretion
Biological Process	GO:0070682	proteasome regulatory particle assembly
Biological Process	GO:0006511	ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process

Reference

[1] Yang D, Yin J, Shan L, Yi X, Zhang W et al.. Identification of lysine-lactylated substrates in gastric cancer cells.. iScience 25(7):104630. 2022 Jul 15. PMID: 35800753.

[2] Yang Z, Yan C, Ma J, Peng P, Ren X et al.. Lactylome analysis suggests lactylation-dependent mechanisms of metabolic adaptation in hepatocellular carcinoma.. Nat Metab 5(1):61-79. 2023 Jan. PMID: 36593272.

[3] Yang YH, Wang QC, Kong J, Yang JT, Liu JF. Global profiling of lysine lactylation in human lungs.. Proteomics 23(15):e2200437. 2023 Aug. PMID: 37170646.

[4] Guo X, Ren X, Yan C, Huang H. Quantitative Proteomics Reveals the Role of Lysine Lactylation in Lenalidomide-Resistance in Multiple Myeloma Cells.. ACS Chem Biol 20(7):1728-1738. 2025 Jul 18. PMID: 40590393.

[5] He J, Lai T, Zhou Z, Yang H, Lei Z et al.. Multiomics profiling reveals the involvement of protein lactylation in nonhomologous end joining pathway conferring radioresistance in lung adenocarcinoma cell.. Sci Rep 15(1):24651. 2025 Jul 9. PMID: 40634431.

[6] Wu Q, Li Z, Gong T, Zheng X, Zhou X et al.. Porphyromonas gingivalis infection induces lysine lactylation reprogramming in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 16:1706727. 2026. PMID: 41696360.