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Overview

Uniprot ID	O75496
Protein Name	Geminin
Gene Name	GMNN
Organism	Homo sapiens

Kla Sites from experimental identification

Position	Flanking peptide
17	EEIKENIKNSSVPRR
27	SVPRRTLKMIQPSAS
50	ELSAGLSKRKHRNDH

Function

Inhibits DNA replication by preventing the incorporation of MCM complex into pre-replication complex (pre-RC) (PubMed:14993212, PubMed:20129055, PubMed:24064211, PubMed:9635433). It is degraded during the mitotic phase of the cell cycle (PubMed:14993212, PubMed:24064211, PubMed:9635433). Its destruction at the metaphase-anaphase transition permits replication in the succeeding cell cycle (PubMed:14993212, PubMed:24064211, PubMed:9635433). Inhibits histone acetyltransferase activity of KAT7/HBO1 in a CDT1-dependent manner, inhibiting histone H4 acetylation and DNA replication licensing (PubMed:20129055). Inhibits the transcriptional activity of a subset of Hox proteins, enrolling them in cell proliferative control (PubMed:22615398)

Protein Sequence

10 MNPSMKQKQE 20 EIKENIKNSS 30 VPRRTLKMIQ 40 PSASGSLVGR 50 ENELSAGLSK 60 RKHRNDHLTS 70 TTSSPGVIVP 80 ESSENKNLGG 90 VTQESFDLMI 100 KENPSSQYWK 110 EVAEKRRKAL 120 YEALKENEKL 130 HKEIEQKDNE 140 IARLKKENKE 150 LAEVAEHVQY 160 MAELIERLNG 170 EPLDNFESLD 180 NQEFDSEEET 190 VEDSLVEDSE 200 IGTCAEGTVS SSTDAKPCI

Gene Ontology

Classification	GO ID	Description
Cellular Component	GO:0005737	cytoplasm
Cellular Component	GO:0005654	nucleoplasm
Cellular Component	GO:0005634	nucleus
Cellular Component	GO:0017053	transcription repressor complex
Molecular Function	GO:0003682	chromatin binding
Molecular Function	GO:0140297	DNA-binding transcription factor binding
Molecular Function	GO:0042826	histone deacetylase binding
Molecular Function	GO:0003712	transcription coregulator activity
Molecular Function	GO:0003714	transcription corepressor activity
Biological Process	GO:0045786	negative regulation of cell cycle
Biological Process	GO:0008156	negative regulation of DNA replication
Biological Process	GO:2000104	negative regulation of DNA-templated DNA replication
Biological Process	GO:0045892	negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription
Biological Process	GO:1903467	negative regulation of mitotic DNA replication initiation
Biological Process	GO:0065003	protein-containing complex assembly
Biological Process	GO:0006275	regulation of DNA replication
Biological Process	GO:0030174	regulation of DNA-templated DNA replication initiation
Biological Process	GO:0007346	regulation of mitotic cell cycle

Reference

[1] Yang D, Yin J, Shan L, Yi X, Zhang W et al.. Identification of lysine-lactylated substrates in gastric cancer cells.. iScience 25(7):104630. 2022 Jul 15. PMID: 35800753.

[2] He C, Zhang J, Bai X, Lu C, Zhang K. Lysine lactylation-based insight to understanding the characterization of cervical cancer.. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 1870(7):167356. 2024 Oct. PMID: 39025375.

[3] Wu Q, Li Z, Gong T, Zheng X, Zhou X et al.. Porphyromonas gingivalis infection induces lysine lactylation reprogramming in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 16:1706727. 2026. PMID: 41696360.