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Overview

Uniprot ID	P04183
Protein Name	Thymidine kinase, cytosolic
Gene Name	TK1
Organism	Homo sapiens

Kla Sites from experimental identification

Position	Flanking peptide
220	GEAVAARKLFAPQQI

Function

Cell-cycle-regulated enzyme of importance in nucleotide metabolism (PubMed:9575153). Catalyzes the first enzymatic step in the salvage pathway converting thymidine into thymidine monophosphate (PubMed:22385435). Transcriptional regulation limits expression to the S phase of the cell cycle and transient expression coincides with the oscillation in the intracellular dTTP concentration (Probable). Also important for the activation of anticancer and antiviral nucleoside analog prodrugs such as 1-b-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine (AraC) and 3c-azido-3c-deoxythymidine (AZT) (PubMed:22385435)

Protein Sequence

10 MSCINLPTVL 20 PGSPSKTRGQ 30 IQVILGPMFS 40 GKSTELMRRV 50 RRFQIAQYKC 60 LVIKYAKDTR 70 YSSSFCTHDR 80 NTMEALPACL 90 LRDVAQEALG 100 VAVIGIDEGQ 110 FFPDIVEFCE 120 AMANAGKTVI 130 VAALDGTFQR 140 KPFGAILNLV 150 PLAESVVKLT 160 AVCMECFREA 170 AYTKRLGTEK 180 EVEVIGGADK 190 YHSVCRLCYF 200 KKASGQPAGP 210 DNKENCPVPG 220 KPGEAVAARK 230 LFAPQQILQC SPAN

Gene Ontology

Classification	GO ID	Description
Cellular Component	GO:0005829	cytosol
Cellular Component	GO:0005634	nucleus
Molecular Function	GO:0005524	ATP binding
Molecular Function	GO:0042802	identical protein binding
Molecular Function	GO:0004797	thymidine kinase activity
Molecular Function	GO:0008270	zinc ion binding
Biological Process	GO:1904860	DNA synthesis involved in mitotic DNA replication
Biological Process	GO:0006139	nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process
Biological Process	GO:0051289	protein homotetramerization
Biological Process	GO:0046105	thymidine biosynthetic process
Biological Process	GO:0046104	thymidine metabolic process

Reference

[1] He C, Zhang J, Bai X, Lu C, Zhang K. Lysine lactylation-based insight to understanding the characterization of cervical cancer.. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 1870(7):167356. 2024 Oct. PMID: 39025375.

[2] Wu Q, Li Z, Gong T, Zheng X, Zhou X et al.. Porphyromonas gingivalis infection induces lysine lactylation reprogramming in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 16:1706727. 2026. PMID: 41696360.