Search Results
Overview
| Uniprot ID | P04897 |
|---|---|
| Protein Name | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 |
| Gene Name | Gnai2 |
| Organism | Rattus norvegicus |
Kla Sites from experimental identification
| Position | Flanking peptide |
|---|---|
| 35 | EKAAREVKLLLLGAG |
| 46 | LGAGESGKSTIVKQM |
| 51 | SGKSTIVKQMKIIHE |
Function
Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) function as transducers downstream of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in numerous signaling cascades. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and alternates between an active, GTP-bound state and an inactive, GDP-bound state. Signaling by an activated GPCR promotes GDP release and GTP binding. Examples of interacting GPCRs include the adenosine A1 receptor/ADORA1, CNR1, and FPR2. The alpha subunit has a low GTPase activity that converts bound GTP to GDP, thereby terminating the signal. Both GDP release and GTP hydrolysis are modulated by numerous regulatory proteins. Signaling is mediated via effector proteins, such as adenylate cyclase: inhibits adenylate cyclase activity of ADCY1, ADCY5 and ADCY6, leading to decreased intracellular cAMP levels. Plays an important role in the activation of the transcription factor NFAT in endothelial cells to promote angiogenesis. The G(i) proteins are involved in hormonal regulation of adenylate cyclase: they inhibit the cyclase in response to beta-adrenergic stimuli. Plays an essential role for neutrophil recruitment in the context of acute inflammation suggesting a linked function of both GNAI2 in neutrophils and endothelial cells for polymorphonuclear neutrophils transmigration
Protein Sequence
Gene Ontology
| Classification | GO ID | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Cellular Component | GO:0044297 | cell body |
| Cellular Component | GO:0005813 | centrosome |
| Cellular Component | GO:0005737 | cytoplasm |
| Cellular Component | GO:0005829 | cytosol |
| Cellular Component | GO:0030425 | dendrite |
| Cellular Component | GO:0070382 | exocytic vesicle |
| Cellular Component | GO:0005834 | heterotrimeric G-protein complex |
| Cellular Component | GO:0098686 | hippocampal mossy fiber to CA3 synapse |
| Cellular Component | GO:0030496 | midbody |
| Cellular Component | GO:0098992 | neuronal dense core vesicle |
| Cellular Component | GO:0005886 | plasma membrane |
| Molecular Function | GO:0001664 | G protein-coupled receptor binding |
| Molecular Function | GO:0031683 | G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding |
| Molecular Function | GO:0005525 | GTP binding |
| Molecular Function | GO:0003924 | GTPase activity |
| Molecular Function | GO:0046872 | metal ion binding |
| Biological Process | GO:0007189 | adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway |
| Biological Process | GO:0007193 | adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway |
| Biological Process | GO:0001525 | angiogenesis |
| Biological Process | GO:0051301 | cell division |
| Biological Process | GO:0008283 | cell population proliferation |
| Biological Process | GO:0007213 | G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway |
| Biological Process | GO:0001973 | G protein-coupled adenosine receptor signaling pathway |
| Biological Process | GO:0007186 | G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway |
| Biological Process | GO:0007214 | gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway |
| Biological Process | GO:0050804 | modulation of chemical synaptic transmission |
| Biological Process | GO:0071878 | negative regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway |
| Biological Process | GO:2001234 | negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway |
| Biological Process | GO:0045955 | negative regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis |
| Biological Process | GO:0050805 | negative regulation of synaptic transmission |
| Biological Process | GO:0030335 | positive regulation of cell migration |
| Biological Process | GO:0008284 | positive regulation of cell population proliferation |
| Biological Process | GO:0070374 | positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade |
| Biological Process | GO:0033864 | positive regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity |
| Biological Process | GO:2000179 | positive regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation |
| Biological Process | GO:0032930 | positive regulation of superoxide anion generation |
| Biological Process | GO:0035810 | positive regulation of urine volume |
| Biological Process | GO:1904707 | positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation |
| Biological Process | GO:0051924 | regulation of calcium ion transport |
Reference
[1] Yao Y, Bade R, Li G, Zhang A, Zhao H et al.. Global-Scale Profiling of Differential Expressed Lysine-Lactylated Proteins in the Cerebral Endothelium of Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Rats.. Cell Mol Neurobiol 43(5):1989-2004. 2023 Jul. PMID: 36030297.
[2] Sheng L, Xu H, Wang Y, Ni J, Xiang T et al.. Systematic analysis of lysine lactylation in nucleus pulposus cells.. iScience 27(11):111157. 2024 Nov 15. PMID: 39524337.