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Overview

Uniprot IDP30876
Protein NameDNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB2
Gene NamePOLR2B
OrganismHomo sapiens

Kla Sites from experimental identification

Position Flanking peptide
248 ARGGQGAKKSAIGQR
249 RGGQGAKKSAIGQRI

Function

Catalytic core component of RNA polymerase II (Pol II), a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates (By similarity) (PubMed:27193682, PubMed:30190596, PubMed:9852112). Pol II-mediated transcription cycle proceeds through transcription initiation, transcription elongation and transcription termination stages. During transcription initiation, Pol II pre-initiation complex (PIC) is recruited to DNA promoters, with focused-type promoters containing either the initiator (Inr) element, or the TATA-box found in cell-type specific genes and dispersed-type promoters that often contain hypomethylated CpG islands usually found in housekeeping genes. Once the polymerase has escaped from the promoter it enters the elongation phase during which RNA is actively polymerized, based on complementarity with the template DNA strand. Transcription termination involves the release of the RNA transcript and polymerase from the DNA (PubMed:27193682, PubMed:30190596, PubMed:9852112). Forms Pol II active center together with the largest subunit POLR2A/RPB1. Appends one nucleotide at a time to the 3' end of the nascent RNA, with POLR2A/RPB1 most likely contributing a Mg(2+)-coordinating DxDGD motif and POLR2B/RPB2 participating in the coordination of a second Mg(2+) ion and providing lysine residues believed to facilitate Watson-Crick base pairing between the incoming nucleotide and template base. Typically, Mg(2+) ions direct a 5' nucleoside triphosphate to form a phosphodiester bond with the 3' hydroxyl of the preceding nucleotide of the nascent RNA, with the elimination of pyrophosphate. The reversible pyrophosphorolysis can occur at high pyrophosphate concentrations (By similarity) (PubMed:30190596, PubMed:9852112). Can proofread the nascent RNA transcript by means of a 3' -> 5' exonuclease activity. If a ribonucleotide is mis-incorporated, backtracks along the template DNA and cleaves the phosphodiester bond releasing the mis-incorporated 5'-ribonucleotide (By similarity) (PubMed:8381534)

Protein Sequence

10 MYDADEDMQY 20 DEDDDEITPD 30 LWQEACWIVI 40 SSYFDEKGLV 50 RQQLDSFDEF 60 IQMSVQRIVE 70 DAPPIDLQAE 80 AQHASGEVEE 90 PPRYLLKFEQ 100 IYLSKPTHWE 110 RDGAPSPMMP 120 NEARLRNLTY 130 SAPLYVDITK 140 TVIKEGEEQL 150 QTQHQKTFIG 160 KIPIMLRSTY 170 CLLNGLTDRD 180 LCELNECPLD 190 PGGYFIINGS 200 EKVLIAQEKM 210 ATNTVYVFAK 220 KDSKYAYTGE 230 CRSCLENSSR 240 PTSTIWVSML 250 ARGGQGAKKS 260 AIGQRIVATL 270 PYIKQEVPII 280 IVFRALGFVS 290 DRDILEHIIY 300 DFEDPEMMEM 310 VKPSLDEAFV 320 IQEQNVALNF 330 IGSRGAKPGV 340 TKEKRIKYAK 350 EVLQKEMLPH 360 VGVSDFCETK 370 KAYFLGYMVH 380 RLLLAALGRR 390 ELDDRDHYGN 400 KRLDLAGPLL 410 AFLFRGMFKN 420 LLKEVRIYAQ 430 KFIDRGKDFN 440 LELAIKTRII 450 SDGLKYSLAT 460 GNWGDQKKAH 470 QARAGVSQVL 480 NRLTFASTLS 490 HLRRLNSPIG 500 RDGKLAKPRQ 510 LHNTLWGMVC 520 PAETPEGHAV 530 GLVKNLALMA 540 YISVGSQPSP 550 ILEFLEEWSM 560 ENLEEISPAA 570 IADATKIFVN 580 GCWVGIHKDP 590 EQLMNTLRKL 600 RRQMDIIVSE 610 VSMIRDIRER 620 EIRIYTDAGR 630 ICRPLLIVEK 640 QKLLLKKRHI 650 DQLKEREYNN 660 YSWQDLVASG 670 VVEYIDTLEE 680 ETVMLAMTPD 690 DLQEKEVAYC 700 STYTHCEIHP 710 SMILGVCASI 720 IPFPDHNQSP 730 RNTYQSAMGK 740 QAMGVYITNF 750 HVRMDTLAHV 760 LYYPQKPLVT 770 TRSMEYLRFR 780 ELPAGINSIV 790 AIASYTGYNQ 800 EDSVIMNRSA 810 VDRGFFRSVF 820 YRSYKEQESK 830 KGFDQEEVFE 840 KPTRETCQGM 850 RHAIYDKLDD 860 DGLIAPGVRV 870 SGDDVIIGKT 880 VTLPENEDEL 890 ESTNRRYTKR 900 DCSTFLRTSE 910 TGIVDQVMVT 920 LNQEGYKFCK 930 IRVRSVRIPQ 940 IGDKFASRHG 950 QKGTCGIQYR 960 QEDMPFTCEG 970 ITPDIIINPH 980 AIPSRMTIGH 990 LIECLQGKVS 1000 ANKGEIGDAT 1010 PFNDAVNVQK 1020 ISNLLSDYGY 1030 HLRGNEVLYN 1040 GFTGRKITSQ 1050 IFIGPTYYQR 1060 LKHMVDDKIH 1070 SRARGPIQIL 1080 NRQPMEGRSR 1090 DGGLRFGEME 1100 RDCQIAHGAA 1110 QFLRERLFEA 1120 SDPYQVHVCN 1130 LCGIMAIANT 1140 RTHTYECRGC 1150 RNKTQISLVR 1160 MPYACKLLFQ 1170 ELMSMSIAPR MMSV

Gene Ontology

Classification GO ID Description
Cellular Component GO:0016020 membrane
Cellular Component GO:0005654 nucleoplasm
Cellular Component GO:0005634 nucleus
Cellular Component GO:0005665 RNA polymerase II, core complex
Molecular Function GO:0003682 chromatin binding
Molecular Function GO:0003677 DNA binding
Molecular Function GO:0003899 DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity
Molecular Function GO:0016787 hydrolase activity
Molecular Function GO:0032549 ribonucleoside binding
Molecular Function GO:0003723 RNA binding
Molecular Function GO:0003968 RNA-directed RNA polymerase activity
Molecular Function GO:0008270 zinc ion binding
Biological Process GO:0006354 DNA-templated transcription elongation
Biological Process GO:0006366 transcription by RNA polymerase II
Biological Process GO:0006368 transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II
Biological Process GO:0006367 transcription initiation at RNA polymerase II promoter

Reference

[1] Hong H, Chen X, Wang H, Gu X, Yuan Y et al.. Global profiling of protein lysine lactylation and potential target modified protein analysis in hepatocellular carcinoma.. Proteomics 23(9):e2200432. 2023 May. PMID: 36625413.