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Overview

Uniprot IDP47712
Protein NameCytosolic phospholipase A2
Gene NamePLA2G4A
OrganismHomo sapiens

Kla Sites from experimental identification

Position Flanking peptide
741 EARRFFNKEFLSKPK

Function

Has primarily calcium-dependent phospholipase and lysophospholipase activities, with a major role in membrane lipid remodeling and biosynthesis of lipid mediators of the inflammatory response (PubMed:10358058, PubMed:14709560, PubMed:16617059, PubMed:17472963, PubMed:18451993, PubMed:27642067, PubMed:7794891, PubMed:8619991, PubMed:8702602, PubMed:9425121). Plays an important role in embryo implantation and parturition through its ability to trigger prostanoid production (By similarity). Preferentially hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-2 position of phospholipids (phospholipase A2 activity) (PubMed:10358058, PubMed:17472963, PubMed:18451993, PubMed:7794891, PubMed:8619991, PubMed:9425121). Selectively hydrolyzes sn-2 arachidonoyl group from membrane phospholipids, providing the precursor for eicosanoid biosynthesis via the cyclooxygenase pathway (PubMed:10358058, PubMed:17472963, PubMed:18451993, PubMed:7794891, PubMed:9425121). In an alternative pathway of eicosanoid biosynthesis, hydrolyzes sn-2 fatty acyl chain of eicosanoid lysophopholipids to release free bioactive eicosanoids (PubMed:27642067). Hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-1 position of phospholipids (phospholipase A1 activity) only if an ether linkage rather than an ester linkage is present at the sn-2 position. This hydrolysis is not stereospecific (PubMed:7794891). Has calcium-independent phospholipase A2 and lysophospholipase activities in the presence of phosphoinositides (PubMed:12672805). Has O-acyltransferase activity. Catalyzes the transfer of fatty acyl chains from phospholipids to a primary hydroxyl group of glycerol (sn-1 or sn-3), potentially contributing to monoacylglycerol synthesis (PubMed:7794891)

Protein Sequence

10 MSFIDPYQHI 20 IVEHQYSHKF 30 TVVVLRATKV 40 TKGAFGDMLD 50 TPDPYVELFI 60 STTPDSRKRT 70 RHFNNDINPV 80 WNETFEFILD 90 PNQENVLEIT 100 LMDANYVMDE 110 TLGTATFTVS 120 SMKVGEKKEV 130 PFIFNQVTEM 140 VLEMSLEVCS 150 CPDLRFSMAL 160 CDQEKTFRQQ 170 RKEHIRESMK 180 KLLGPKNSEG 190 LHSARDVPVV 200 AILGSGGGFR 210 AMVGFSGVMK 220 ALYESGILDC 230 ATYVAGLSGS 240 TWYMSTLYSH 250 PDFPEKGPEE 260 INEELMKNVS 270 HNPLLLLTPQ 280 KVKRYVESLW 290 KKKSSGQPVT 300 FTDIFGMLIG 310 ETLIHNRMNT 320 TLSSLKEKVN 330 TAQCPLPLFT 340 CLHVKPDVSE 350 LMFADWVEFS 360 PYEIGMAKYG 370 TFMAPDLFGS 380 KFFMGTVVKK 390 YEENPLHFLM 400 GVWGSAFSIL 410 FNRVLGVSGS 420 QSRGSTMEEE 430 LENITTKHIV 440 SNDSSDSDDE 450 SHEPKGTENE 460 DAGSDYQSDN 470 QASWIHRMIM 480 ALVSDSALFN 490 TREGRAGKVH 500 NFMLGLNLNT 510 SYPLSPLSDF 520 ATQDSFDDDE 530 LDAAVADPDE 540 FERIYEPLDV 550 KSKKIHVVDS 560 GLTFNLPYPL 570 ILRPQRGVDL 580 IISFDFSARP 590 SDSSPPFKEL 600 LLAEKWAKMN 610 KLPFPKIDPY 620 VFDREGLKEC 630 YVFKPKNPDM 640 EKDCPTIIHF 650 VLANINFRKY 660 RAPGVPRETE 670 EEKEIADFDI 680 FDDPESPFST 690 FNFQYPNQAF 700 KRLHDLMHFN 710 TLNNIDVIKE 720 AMVESIEYRR 730 QNPSRCSVSL 740 SNVEARRFFN KEFLSKPKA

Gene Ontology

Classification GO ID Description
Cellular Component GO:0005737 cytoplasm
Cellular Component GO:0005829 cytosol
Cellular Component GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum
Cellular Component GO:0005789 endoplasmic reticulum membrane
Cellular Component GO:0005794 Golgi apparatus
Cellular Component GO:0000139 Golgi membrane
Cellular Component GO:0005743 mitochondrial inner membrane
Cellular Component GO:0005635 nuclear envelope
Cellular Component GO:0005634 nucleus
Molecular Function GO:0004623 A2-type glycerophospholipase activity
Molecular Function GO:0005509 calcium ion binding
Molecular Function GO:0005544 calcium-dependent phospholipid binding
Molecular Function GO:1902387 ceramide 1-phosphate binding
Molecular Function GO:0008374 O-acyltransferase activity
Molecular Function GO:0004622 phosphatidylcholine lysophospholipase A1 activity
Molecular Function GO:0032266 phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate binding
Molecular Function GO:0070273 phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate binding
Molecular Function GO:0010314 phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate binding
Biological Process GO:0019369 arachidonate metabolic process
Biological Process GO:0050482 arachidonate secretion
Biological Process GO:0006071 glycerol metabolic process
Biological Process GO:0046475 glycerophospholipid catabolic process
Biological Process GO:0006690 icosanoid metabolic process
Biological Process GO:0019370 leukotriene biosynthetic process
Biological Process GO:0006640 monoacylglycerol biosynthetic process
Biological Process GO:0036151 phosphatidylcholine acyl-chain remodeling
Biological Process GO:0034638 phosphatidylcholine catabolic process
Biological Process GO:0034478 phosphatidylglycerol catabolic process
Biological Process GO:0006663 platelet activating factor biosynthetic process
Biological Process GO:0043032 positive regulation of macrophage activation
Biological Process GO:0010572 positive regulation of platelet activation
Biological Process GO:0002827 positive regulation of T-helper 1 type immune response
Biological Process GO:0001516 prostaglandin biosynthetic process

Reference

[1] Yang D, Yin J, Shan L, Yi X, Zhang W et al.. Identification of lysine-lactylated substrates in gastric cancer cells.. iScience 25(7):104630. 2022 Jul 15. PMID: 35800753.

[2] He J, Lai T, Zhou Z, Yang H, Lei Z et al.. Multiomics profiling reveals the involvement of protein lactylation in nonhomologous end joining pathway conferring radioresistance in lung adenocarcinoma cell.. Sci Rep 15(1):24651. 2025 Jul 9. PMID: 40634431.