Search Results

Overview

Uniprot IDP61160
Protein NameActin-related protein 2
Gene NameACTR2
OrganismHomo sapiens

Kla Sites from experimental identification

Position Flanking peptide
219 TVRMIKEKLCYVGYN
322 SRLERELKQLYLERV
336 VLKGDVEKLSKFKIR
381 TRQEYQEKGVRVLEK
46 PIIRSTTKVGNIEIK
7 *MDSQGRKVVVCDNG

Function

ATP-binding component of the Arp2/3 complex, a multiprotein complex that mediates actin polymerization upon stimulation by nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) (PubMed:9000076). The Arp2/3 complex mediates the formation of branched actin networks in the cytoplasm, providing the force for cell motility (PubMed:9000076). Seems to contact the pointed end of the daughter actin filament (PubMed:9000076). In podocytes, required for the formation of lamellipodia downstream of AVIL and PLCE1 regulation (PubMed:29058690). In addition to its role in the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, the Arp2/3 complex also promotes actin polymerization in the nucleus, thereby regulating gene transcription and repair of damaged DNA (PubMed:17220302, PubMed:29925947). The Arp2/3 complex promotes homologous recombination (HR) repair in response to DNA damage by promoting nuclear actin polymerization, leading to drive motility of double-strand breaks (DSBs) (PubMed:29925947)

Protein Sequence

10 MDSQGRKVVV 20 CDNGTGFVKC 30 GYAGSNFPEH 40 IFPALVGRPI 50 IRSTTKVGNI 60 EIKDLMVGDE 70 ASELRSMLEV 80 NYPMENGIVR 90 NWDDMKHLWD 100 YTFGPEKLNI 110 DTRNCKILLT 120 EPPMNPTKNR 130 EKIVEVMFET 140 YQFSGVYVAI 150 QAVLTLYAQG 160 LLTGVVVDSG 170 DGVTHICPVY 180 EGFSLPHLTR 190 RLDIAGRDIT 200 RYLIKLLLLR 210 GYAFNHSADF 220 ETVRMIKEKL 230 CYVGYNIEQE 240 QKLALETTVL 250 VESYTLPDGR 260 IIKVGGERFE 270 APEALFQPHL 280 INVEGVGVAE 290 LLFNTIQAAD 300 IDTRSEFYKH 310 IVLSGGSTMY 320 PGLPSRLERE 330 LKQLYLERVL 340 KGDVEKLSKF 350 KIRIEDPPRR 360 KHMVFLGGAV 370 LADIMKDKDN 380 FWMTRQEYQE 390 KGVRVLEKLG VTVR

Gene Ontology

Classification GO ID Description
Cellular Component GO:0030478 actin cap
Cellular Component GO:0015629 actin cytoskeleton
Cellular Component GO:0005885 Arp2/3 protein complex
Cellular Component GO:0035578 azurophil granule lumen
Cellular Component GO:0005938 cell cortex
Cellular Component GO:0042995 cell projection
Cellular Component GO:0005737 cytoplasm
Cellular Component GO:0005829 cytosol
Cellular Component GO:0070062 extracellular exosome
Cellular Component GO:0005576 extracellular region
Cellular Component GO:1904813 ficolin-1-rich granule lumen
Cellular Component GO:0005925 focal adhesion
Cellular Component GO:0016020 membrane
Cellular Component GO:0005730 nucleolus
Cellular Component GO:0005634 nucleus
Cellular Component GO:0035861 site of double-strand break
Molecular Function GO:0003779 actin binding
Molecular Function GO:0005524 ATP binding
Molecular Function GO:0005200 structural constituent of cytoskeleton
Biological Process GO:0034314 Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation
Biological Process GO:0060271 cilium assembly
Biological Process GO:1905168 positive regulation of double-strand break repair via homologous recombination
Biological Process GO:0010592 positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly
Biological Process GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II

Reference

[1] Yang D, Yin J, Shan L, Yi X, Zhang W et al.. Identification of lysine-lactylated substrates in gastric cancer cells.. iScience 25(7):104630. 2022 Jul 15. PMID: 35800753.

[2] Yang Z, Yan C, Ma J, Peng P, Ren X et al.. Lactylome analysis suggests lactylation-dependent mechanisms of metabolic adaptation in hepatocellular carcinoma.. Nat Metab 5(1):61-79. 2023 Jan. PMID: 36593272.

[3] He C, Zhang J, Bai X, Lu C, Zhang K. Lysine lactylation-based insight to understanding the characterization of cervical cancer.. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 1870(7):167356. 2024 Oct. PMID: 39025375.

[4] Shi CM, Wang QC, Li XL, Yang YH, Tang XY et al.. Global Profiling of Protein Lactylation in Human Hippocampi.. Proteomics Clin Appl 19(2):e202400061. 2025 Mar. PMID: 39610256.

[5] He J, Lai T, Zhou Z, Yang H, Lei Z et al.. Multiomics profiling reveals the involvement of protein lactylation in nonhomologous end joining pathway conferring radioresistance in lung adenocarcinoma cell.. Sci Rep 15(1):24651. 2025 Jul 9. PMID: 40634431.

[6] Wu Q, Li Z, Gong T, Zheng X, Zhou X et al.. Porphyromonas gingivalis infection induces lysine lactylation reprogramming in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 16:1706727. 2026. PMID: 41696360.